Taitara: Te Whakamārama i ngā Mea HiraNgā Pūnaha Hiko WhakawhitiTe Aratohu Tino Pai ki tā rātou Mahi me te Hiranga
whakauru:
I roto i te taiao hangarau e tere whanake ana i ēnei rā,ngā pūhiko whakawhitikua waiho hei wāhanga tino nui, he mea nui hoki i roto i ngā momo taputapu e whakamahia ana e tātou i ia rā. Mai i ngā rihi pona ki ngā waeine hiko mō ngā taputapu kāinga, kua hurihia e ēnei taputapu te huarahi e hurihia ai te hiko me te whakahaere. I roto i tēnei aratohu whānui, ka rukuhia e tātou te ao ongā pūhiko whakawhiti, e whakamārama ana i tā rātou mahi, ngā painga me te hiranga i roto i ngā taputapu hiko hou.
Tuatahi, kia mārama kipūhiko whakawhiti:
A pūhiko whakawhiti, e mōhiotia ana hoki ko tepūhiko aratau-whakakā(SMPS), he ara iahiko hiko i hangaia hei huri i te pūngao hiko mai i tētahi āhua ki tētahi atu. Kāore i rite ki ngā pūtake hiko raina, ka whakamahia e ngā pūtake hiko whakawhiti ngā wāhanga whakawhiti me te rokiroki pūngao hei mahi i te hurihanga, ā, ka tino whai hua, ka iti hoki te rahi.
2. Ngā wāhanga me ngā mahi:
A pūhiko whakawhitihe maha ngā wāhanga matua, ā, he mahi motuhake tā ia wāhanga i roto i te tukanga hurihanga whānui. Kei roto i ēnei wāhanga:
1. Wāhanga whakauru: Ko te wāhanga whakauru o tētahipūhiko whakawhitikei roto heKaitahuri AC-DC, e huri ana i te iahiko whakawhiti (AC) mai i te pūtake hiko matua ki te iahiko tika (DC). He mea nui tēnei tukanga whakatikatika hei whakarato i tētahi tāuru hiko pumau ki ngā wāhanga e whai ake nei.
2. Pātene hiko: te ngākau o tepūhiko whakawhiti, mā te pana hiko e whakahaere te iahiko e rere ana i roto i te ara iahiko kia tutuki ai te huringa pūngao whai hua. Ko ngā momo pana hiko noa ko ngā MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors) me ngā IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors).
3. Ngā wāhanga rokiroki pūngao: Tepūhiko whakawhitikei roto ngā wāhanga rokiroki pūngao pērā i ngā pūnga me ngā inductors, e whakamahia ana hei penapena me te tuku pūngao i te wā o te tukanga tahuritanga. Ka whakangawarihia e ēnei wāhanga ngā piki me ngā heke, ā, ka āwhina ki te pupuri i te pūmau o te pūtake hiko.
4. Wāhanga Putanga: Ko te wāhanga putanga te kawenga mō te tuku i te mana kua hurihia ki te kawenga i roto i te huarahi pumau me te whakahaere. Kei roto i tēnei wāhanga ngā wāhanga maha pērā i ngā whakawhiti hiko, ngā kaiwhakahaere me ngā tātari hei whakarite kia tutuki i te putanga ngā whakaritenga e hiahiatia ana.
toru. Ngā painga o te pūhiko whakawhiti:
Ngā pūhiko whakawhitiHe maha ngā painga e tukuna ana e ēnei ki ngā pūhiko hiko raina tuku iho, ā, koinei te whiringa tuatahi mō ngā momo tono maha. Ko ēnei painga ko:
1. Teitei o te Whai Hua: Nā ō rātou āhuatanga whakawhiti, ka taea e ēnei pūtake hiko te whakatutuki i ngā taumata whai hua o te 80% ki te 90%, ka whakaiti i te moumou pūngao me ngā utu whakahaere.
2. Rahi kiato, mama hoki:Ngā pūhiko whakawhitihe iti ake, he mama ake hoki i ngā pūtake hiko rārangi, he mea tino pai mō ngā taputapu kawe me ngā tono he iti te wāhi.
3. Ngāwari: Ka taea e ēnei pūhiko te whakahaere i te whānuitanga o ngā ngaohiko tāuru, ā, he pai ake te aro ki ngā piki me ngā heke, kia mau tonu ai te pumau ahakoa i raro i ngā āhuatanga pūhiko hihiri.
4. Te whakaiti i te whakaputanga wera: Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā pūtake hiko raina, he iti ake te wera e puta mai ana i te mahi whakawhiti o ēnei pūtake hiko, e whakapai ake ana i te pono me te roa ake o te ora mahi o ngā taputapu.
Whā. Te Whakamahinga me te Tikanga:
Ngā pūhiko whakawhitie whakamahia ana i roto i te nuinga o ngā āhuatanga o tō tātou oranga hou. Ko ētahi o ngā wāhi matua e whai wāhi nui ai ēnei pūhiko ko:
1. Ngā Hikohiko Kaihoko: Ko ngā taputapu pēnei i ngā waea atamai, ngā pona, ngā pouaka whakaata, ngā papatohu kēmu, me ngā pūnaha oro, e whakawhirinaki katoa ana ki ngā pūtake hiko whakawhiti hei whakahaere me te huri i te hiko kia whai hua ai.
2. Aunoatanga ahumahi:Ngā pūhiko whakawhitie whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā pūnaha aunoatanga ahumahi, ngā papa whakahaere, ngā mīhini, ngā karetao me ētahi atu taputapu hei whakarite i te tuku hiko pono me te haumaru.
3. Whakawhitiwhiti kōrero: Mai i ngā teihana turanga ki ngā taputapu whatunga, he mea nui te mahi a ngā pūhiko whakawhiti ki te whakarato hiko korekore ki ngā hanganga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero.
4. Ngā pūnaha pūngao whakahou:Ngā pūhiko whakawhitika taea te whakauru whai hua i ngā pūtake pūngao hou pēnei i ngā panera rā me ngā tāpine hau ki roto i te whatunga hiko, ā, mā reira ka whakatairanga i te whakaputa hiko pumau.
hei whakamutunga:
Ngā pūhiko whakawhitikua hurihia te huarahi e whakamahia ai, e tohatohahia ai hoki te hiko, e whakarato ana i ngā otinga whakawhiti hiko whai hua, pono hoki mō ngā momo tono. Ka whakaratohia e tēnei aratohu he tirohanga whānui ki ā rātou mahi, ngā painga me te hiranga i roto i ngā hikohiko hou. I te whanaketanga tonu o te hangarau, ka nui haere te mahi a ngā pūhiko whakawhiti hiko ki te whakahohe i ngā taputapu auaha me te heke mai pumau.
Wā tuku: Akuhata-08-2023