A pakaru hikohe pana e taea ai te hono me te momotu i tētahi ara iahiko. E ai ki āna mahi rerekē, ka taea te wehewehe ki ngā mea pēnei i ngā mea pakaru ara iahiko hau me ngā mea pana kua āraia ki te hau (GIS).
Ngā painga o te kaiwawao hiko: he hanganga māmā, he utu iti, ka taea te whakapai ake i te kounga o te hanganga o te kaupapa; he nui te kaha pakaru, he kaha te kaha uta, he iti te hononga me te pakaru o te raina; he mahi tiaki katoa, ka taea te tapahi tere i te hiko i roto i te wā poto rawa.
Ngā ngoikoretanga o ngā kaiwawao hiko: ka puta he wera nui me te mārama pewa nui i te wā e poto ana te ara iahiko; kāore e taea te mahi i ngā mahi maha; me nui te wā e hiahiatia ana kia hoki ai te konganuku i roto i te fiusi ki te pūwāhi rewa.
Ina tepakaru hikomēnā ka hurihia mai i te pana hau ki te GIS, me tutuki ngā ture e whai ake nei:
1) Me pai te tūnga o te kaiwawao hiko i te wā e tāuta ana, e whakamahi ana hoki;
2) Me pupuri tonu he ārai pai i waenganui i te taputapu whakawhiti GIS me te whenua;
3) Me whai pai ngā pūnaha rerenga wai o te wāhi tāutanga.
Mahi
A pakaru hikoHe pana e whakamahia ana hei whakakā me te whakaweto i tētahi ara iahiko, ā, he mahi anō hoki hei whakakā me te whakaweto i tētahi ara iahiko, ā, he mahi anō hoki pērā i te tiaki i te ara iahiko poto me te tiaki i te taumaha rawa. I taua wā anō, he tino kaha tōna kaha ki te pakaru, ā, ka taea e ia te tapahi tere i te ara iahiko i roto i te wā poto rawa.
1. Hei taputapu tohatoha hiko iti-ngaohiko, ko te mahi a te kaiwawao hiko he tiaki i te hiko mai i te taumaha rawa, te poto me te iti o te ngaohiko.
2. He kaha te kaha o te kaiwawao hiko ki te tapahi i te iahiko me te tere o te mahi; kei a ia anō hoki te mahi tiaki ara-poto o te iahiko ara-poto o te whati kotahi-wāhanga.
3. Hei taputapu tohatoha hiko iti-ngaohiko, ka taea e te kaiwawao hiko te kati, te momotu rānei i te hiko o te pūtake hiko mahi noa i roto i te wā kua tohua; ka taea e ia te tuku hiko tonu ki te raina me te kore e pakaru, ā, ka taea hoki te whakamahi hei whakamahana stator motuka me te hiko ina hiahiatia. Ngā hiko āwhina mō ngā taputapu hiko rerekē.
Tāuta
1. I mua i te tāutanga, tirohia te āhua o te pūwhakawhiti hiko mō ngā pakaru, kātahi ka whakatuwhera i te taupoki pito o te pūwhakawhiti hiko, ka tirohia te tohu me te pereti ingoa kei runga i te taupoki pito. Tirohia ki te tauira kua tohua i roto i te pukapuka hua.
2. Me tutuki te tāutanga o te kaiwawao hiko i ngā whakaritenga hoahoa, ā, me rite hoki ki te tūranga tāutanga o ētahi atu taputapu hiko i runga i te papa tohatoha hiko, i te taputapu tohatoha hiko rānei. Kāore e whakaaetia kia tāutahia ki runga, kia pā tata rānei ki ētahi atu taputapu hiko me ngā taputapu hiko (ngā pana).
3. Me whakapūmau te hononga o te kaiwawao hiko me ōna taputapu ki te whenua. Mō ngā waea maha-paparanga, me whakapūmau hoki te hononga o runga me te paparanga ārai taura.
4. Me whakamātautau te kawenga o te pūnaha whakahaere i mua i te wetewete kia mōhio ai he ngāwari, he pono hoki tana mahi i mua i te wetewete. Tirohia mēnā he tika te waea i mua i te wetewete, ki te kore e kore e taea te wetewete noa.
5. Ina tāutahia te kaiwawao hiko ki roto i tētahi pouaka whakarewa, kaua e tukua kia wetekina ngā pūtu whakapiri i roto i te pouaka; me pono te hononga i waenga i ngā pūtu whakapiri o te pouaka me te miro; me hanga ngā nati whakapiri hei tīwiri ārai-wetekina; me pokaia ngā kōhao tīwiri mā te mīhini;
Tiaki
Ina hē te pūnaha, pērā i te taumaha rawa o te motuka, te poto o te ara iahiko, me ētahi atu, ka taea te karo i ngā aituā nui me ngā pānga kino, e hiahiatia ana te whakamahi i ngā ārai ara iahiko hei tiaki i ngā taputapu hiko, i ngā ara iahiko rānei mai i te kino. Heoi, kāore e taea e te ārai ara iahiko te whakatutuki i te "kore tiaki". I ētahi wā, me whai tonu ētahi tiaki.
1. Ina puta he motumotu nui rawa atu i te wā e whakahaerehia ana te kaiwawao hiko, tirohia mēnā kei te pai te mahi a ētahi atu taputapu hiko;
2. Tirohia te mahi a te taputapu tiaki turuturu, ā, me mahi i raro i ngā āhuatanga mahi noa;
3. Ina rahua te pūnaha whakahaere hiko, tirohia te taunga i waenga i te pūnaha whakahaere hiko me te kaiwawao ara iahiko;
4. Ina puta he hapa ara-poto i roto i te raina, me momotu te pūtake hiko;
5. Nā te tawhito o te whakamarumaru o roto o te kaiwawao hiko i muri i te whakamahinga roa. Nō reira, me tiaki tonu te kaiwawao hiko.
Ngā Whakatūpato
1. Me pono te pūnaha whakahaere kia kore ai e pāngia e ngā aituā. Me mārama ngā tohu me ngā mahi mō ia wāhanga o te pūnaha, ā, me ārai hoki i ngā hapa.
2. Mō te mea kei te mahi te kaiwawao hiko, ahakoa kei te āhua piko tōna kakau, tera pea ka puta he āwhata i roto i ngā hononga, i roto rānei i ngā ara iahiko whakatuwhera me te kati. Me tūpato kia kore ai e hē te mahi i te wā e mahi ana.
3. Ina mahi te kaiwawao hiko (ina koa ka tapahia he iahiko nui), kāore e taea te kume kaha, kia kore ai e pakaru ngā wāhanga hiko.
4. Me tirotiro tonu e te kaiwawao hiko ngā āhuatanga o te hononga whakatuwheratanga me te kati kia kore ai e puta he hapa nui rawa, he hapa iti rawa rānei.
5. Ina puta he hapa, ngana ki te whakahoki i te pūtake hiko kua motu i te tuatahi.
Te wā tuku: 16-Pepuere-2023